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 Contact chip card
| Smart Card operating systems
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Please note, that the Knowledge Base isn't translated to english completely at the moment. You will still find some german texts - we are translating permanently the outstanding parts! Thank you for understanding! |
Contactless chip card |
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Contactless cards are standardized in ISO 10536 (close coupling), ISO 14443 (proximity) or 15693 (vicinity). But there are also proprietary solutions.
Of course there are cards, which have several independent chips - called "Hybrid Cards". You have to differentiate "Dual Interface Cards" from them, these cards have one chip which can communicate over contact and contactless interface.
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hybrid card |
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CICC - close coupling |
ISO 10536 |
to 1 cm |
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PICC - proximity |
ISO 14443 |
to 10 cm |
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VICC - vicinity |
ISO 15693 |
to 1 m |
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An RFID medium always has a HF-interface for energy supply and communication with the contactless reader. There are differences in the type of memory and address-logic, so memory chips with a state-machine can be simple Read-only-Transponder, but also rewriteable and have also cryptographic functions (Mifare).
Instead of a inflexible state machine there can be microprocessors used, dual interface cards have a microprocessor and a HF interface for contactless communication and an UART for contact communication (Mifare plus). The biggest problem is the different power supply - reaching from 5mW (ISO 14443) to 300mW (ISO 7816, Class A - 5V, 60mA).
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MIFARE |
MIFARE is known and popular because it is one of the first contactless card products, when there were no big standardizations. Therefore MIFARE is physical transmission, the transmission protocoll and the application (file resp. memory structure) on the chip. Nowadays MIFARE is the application or memory structure while protocol and transmission is incorporated into ISO 14443A Standard
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Cryptoshop Tipps |
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RFID Handbook
of Klaus Finkenzeller at Amazon
This handbook provides an overview over the RFID field, especially physical basics and a detailed description of this technology. |
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